An incredible complex structure with 26 bones and 33 joints, the human foot is a marvel of engineering and function. It has five metatarsal bones and phalanges--toes--in the forefoot, and the first metatarsal bone helps to propel the body forward and attaches to several tendons. The other metatarsal bones are stable and well protected and are attached by minor tendons. The midfoot has five of the tarsal bones, and multiple joints. The back of the foot is made up of two large bones called the calcaneus--the heel. The talus, resting on top, provides the pivot for the ankle--just to name a few of the bones in the foot's anatomy.

Intertwined with the bones are a web of nerves, ligaments and 126 identifiable muscles. Propelling the leg forward, the foot adjusts the body to various surfaces which helps to maintain balance. It supports the weight of the body, acting as a shock absorber. The feet, of course, take the body everywhere and are expected to function on every kind of terrain and in all kinds of weather. Not many people stop during their busy day to think about their feet and they are usually taken for granted, unless they hurt.

When feet hurt, it is important to determine the cause in order to receive the proper treatment. Arthritis is a common cause of foot pain, but certainly not the only one. Foot pain can come from damage or problems in the knee, hip or back, and in that case, the underlying cause must be treated. Another common complaint of foot pain is ankle sprain, possibly caused by sports injuries, overturning an ankle, or extended wearing of high heels. Overweight puts stress on all joints, and especially the knees and feet.

Treatments For Relief of Foot Pain

If foot pain is found to come from sprains, the RICE method--rest, ice/heat, compression and elevation--will bring relief. The tissue can sustain further damage by extensive walking or standing, although light movement and exercise is important to keep blood circulating to aid in healing and keep it from getting stiff. Arthritis may cause swelling, redness and severe pain in the foot or other joints, and should always be evaluated by a physician.

Over the counter medications can relieve foot pain, and should be used as directed. Natural remedies such as herbs, and herbal ointments and sprays can also provide relief and will not produce side effects. If foot pain does not subside with home remedies and rest within a few days, or if redness or swelling is present, consult a licensed physician.